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Excavator An Commonly Used Heavy Machinery

from: Smruti Ranjan Sarangi

Excavators are heavy equipment used in civil engineering and


surface mining. An excavator, also called a 360-degree excavator

or digger, sometimes abbreviated simply to a 360, is an

engineering vehicle consisting of a backhoe and cab mounted on a

pivot (turntable is a more apt description) atop an

undercarriage with tracks or wheels. The term excavator is

sometimes used as a general term for any piece of digging

equipment.


Roles of Excavators


Excavators are used in many roles:


1- Digging of trenches, holes, foundations 2- Demolition 3-

General grading/landscaping 4- Heavy lift, e.g. lifting and

placing of pipes 5- River dredging 6- Mining, especially, but

not only open-pit mining 7- Brush cutting with hydraulic

attachments


Varieties of Excavators


Excavators come in a wide variety of sizes. The smaller ones are

called a mini-excavator or compact excavator. One manufacturer's

largest model weighs 84,980 kg (187,360 lb) and has a maximum

bucket size of 4.5 m³ (5.9 yd³). The same manufacturer's

smallest mini-excavator weighs 1470 kg (3240 lb), has a maximum

bucket size of 0.036 m³ (0.048 yd³) and the width of its tracks

can be adjusted to 89 cm (35 inches). Another company makes a

mini excavator that will fit through a doorway with tracks that

can be adjusted to only 70 cm (28 inches) wide.


Often the bucket can be replaced with other tools like a

breaker, a grapple or an auger. Excavators are usually employed

together with loaders and bulldozers. Most smaller excavators

have a small backfill (or dozer-) blade. It's a horizontal

bulldozer like blade attached to the undercarriage and is used

for pushing removed material back into a hole.


Examples of Excavators


1- Compact excavator A compact hydraulic excavator is a tracked

or wheeled vehicle with an approximate operating weight of 6

metric tons (13,228 lbs). It generally includes a standard

backfill blade and features independent boom swing. The compact

hydraulic excavator is also referred to as a mini excavator.


The compact hydraulic excavator is somewhat unique from other

construction equipment in that all movement and functions of the

machine are accomplished through the transfer of hydraulic

fluid. The compact excavator's work group and blade are

activated by hydraulic fluid acting upon hydraulic cylinders.

The excavator's slew (rotation) and travel functions are also

activated by hydraulic fluid powering hydraulic motors.


2- Dragline excavator


Dragline excavation systems are heavy equipment used in civil

engineering and surface mining. In civil engineering the smaller

types are used for road and port construction. The larger types

are used in strip-mining operations to extract coal and these

are amongst the largest mobile equipment (not water-borne), and

weigh in the vinicity of 2000 metric tonnes, though specimens

weighing up to 13,000 metric tonnes have also been constructed.


A dragline bucket system consists of a large bucket which is

suspended from a boom (a large truss like structure). The bucket

is maneuvered by means of a number of ropes and chains. The

hoistrope, powered by large diesel or electric motors, supports

the bucket and hoist-coupler assembly from the boom. The

dragrope is used to draw the bucket assembly horizontally. By

skillful maneuver of the hoist and the dragropes the bucket is

controlled for various operations.


3- Bucket-wheel excavator Bucket-wheel excavators are heavy

equipment used in surface mining and civil engineering. The

excavation component itself is a large rotating wheel mounted on

an arm or boom. On the outer edge of the wheel is a series of

scoops or buckets. As the wheel turns, the buckets remove soil

or rock from the target area and carry it around to the backside

of the wheel, where it falls onto a conveyor, which carries it

up the arm toward the main body of the excavator. Additional

conveyors then may carry it further; in some cases, several long

conveyors are placed end-to-end, each supported by a large

vehicular base.


Especially large bucket-wheel excavators, over 200 meters long

and up to 100 meters in height, are used in German strip-mining

operations, and are the largest earth-movers in the world. These

tremendous machines can cost over $100 million, take 5 years to

assemble, require 5 people to operate, weigh more than 13,000

tons, and have a theoretical capacity of more than 12,000m³/h.

Specifically, the RB293 bucket wheel excavator manufactured by

MAN Takraf is recognized by Guinness World Records as the

largest land vehicle.


About the author:

Smruti Ranjan Sarangi has authored many articles on a

diversified topics like Technical, Management, and Humanity. For

information on <a href="http://www.excavatortrader.com"

target="_top"> Excavator </a>, Dumpers, Dozers, Cranes,
Wheel

Loaders, Backhoe Loaders visit http://www.excavatortrader.com .

 



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Layton police use backhoe at Roy home; searching for missing man

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Layton police use backhoe at Roy home; may be searching for missing man

Layton police use backhoe at Roy home; may be searching for missing man The Salt Lake Tribune Published Feb 7, 2012 11:41AM MDT Layton police Tuesday were reportedly using a backhoe to dig up a yard at a home in Roy as part of their search for a missing man. The Standard-Examiner newspaper, quoting neighbors, reported that Layton police had used a ground-scanning device on grounds near the home ...

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